Background/Objectives: The role of patellar TILT in the anterior knee pain is indisputable. Traditionally, the lateral patellofemoral ANGLE of Laurin has been defined in both the axial view AND CT images for measuring the TILT of patella. We present a new ANGLE, which is independent of the morphology of patella AND directly relates to clinical assessment of the TILT, which is appreciated from palpation of the edges of the patella.Patients AND Methods: 38 patients with anterior knee pain AND forty normal control subjects were examined using CT scan of patellofemoral joint in 15 degrees of knee flexion. The aMOUNT of lateral patellar TILT was quantitatively assessed using the lateral patellofemoral ANGLE, as described by Laurin et al, AND the newly defined patellar cortex TILT ANGLE. This ANGLE is subtended by the line drawn along the posterior femoral condyles AND the one parallel to the subchondral bone of patellar cortex. The fifteen-degree TILT was taken as normal cut-off point for patellar cortex TILT ANGLE in the control group.Results: In patients, the average TILT of patella, using the patellar cortex TILT ANGLE was 15.26 versus 7.05 in the control group. Using Student’s t test, the difference between the two means was significant (P<0.001). The sensitivity AND specificity of patellar cortex TILT ANGLE were 40 AND 90 percent, respectively There was a moderate agreement between our presented test AND the lateral TILT ANGLE test (kappa=0.40, P<0.001).Conclusion: Our results indicate that patellar TILT can also be detected using patellar cortex TILT ANGLE. We need more specific studies to determine the validity of the test.

Measurements of the TILT ANGLE of potential fields can be a useful aid to their interpretation. There are several varieties of the methods in use, such as TILT ANGLE, AND the derivative of TILT ANGLE. TILT ANGLE filters are used for exact edge detection of the rectangular bodies artificially by writing a MATLAB code. The gravity effects of these models are computed by stANDard algorithms. The edges of these complex rectangular bodies are determined appropriately by TILT ANGLE. It is also applied on real gravity data. The residual gravity anomalies are used as the real data. TILT ANGLEs are used to determine the edges of these residual anomalies. The results are compared with the results from the analytic signal method which is a classical edge detection method. This shows the better performance of the TILT ANGLE filter method.

Background: Excessive anterior pelvic TILT (APT) is a common condition that can lead to musculoskeletal problems in females. Pilates AND TRX exercises have been suggested as potential interventions to address APT. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of these exercises on the pelvic TILT ANGLE (PTA) in females with excessive APT. Materials AND Methods: The current study utilized a pre-test post-test design AND was conducted as a quasi-experimental study. Twenty females between the ages of 35 AND 55 were purposefully selected to participate in the study. The pelvic TILT ANGLE (PTA) was measured using an inclinometer. The study participants were rANDomly assigned to the two groups. Then 8-week TRX AND Pilates exercises were carried out. The data was analyzed by paired-sample t-test AND analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at a significance level of P<0. 05 using SPSS V. 16. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in PTA in both Pilates (t(9)= 16. 74, P= 0. 001) AND TRX (t(9)= 9. 73, P= 0. 001) exercises groups. But, there was no a significant difference between the two groups (F(1, 17)=0. 01, P= 0. 922, partial eta squared= 0. 001). Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated a significant decrease in the pelvic TILT ANGLE (PTA) of participants with excessive anterior pelvic TILT (APT) following 8 weeks of Pilates AND TRX exercises. These findings highlight the importance of these exercise interventions in correcting postural deformities.

This paper presents the effect of TILT ANGLE on static AND dynamic performance characteristics of two gaslubricated noncircular journal bearing configurations, namely two AND four lobe bearings. The linearized system approach using finite element method is used to obtain both steady state AND dynamic characteristics. The results of the investigation show that TILT ANGLE has a significant effect on static AND stability characteristics. With an increase in TILT ANGLE, power loss is decreased while stability margins are increased.

In the case of noncircular journal bearings, as opposed to circular journal bearings, the orientation of bearing with respect to a given load direction can be a design parameter. This orientation may be defined in terms of an ANGLE, which in the present work is being referred to as the MOUNT ANGLE. The purpose of the work presented in this paper is to study the effect of the MOUNT ANGLE on the theoretical static AND dynamic characteristics of three types of gas-lubricated noncircular bearings. It is found that the effect of the MOUNT ANGLE happens to be more pronounced at low compressibility numbers. Also, among the three types of bearings, the effect of the MOUNT ANGLE is more significant in two lobe bearings in comparison to the three AND four lobe bearings.

Given dwindling fossil fuel resources AND the rise of pollution caused by them, the use of solar cells is increasing day by day. One of the key points that affect the efficiency of solar panels is their placement ANGLE. The aim of this study is to assess how use of remote sensing data can assist in optimizing the placement ANGLE of solar panels relative to the level of the horizon. The study uses data available for the three provinces of Kerman, Yazd AND Ardebil respectively as representative of the South, Central AND Northern regions of the country. The results indicate that the optimal TILT ANGLE of solar panels in Iran has always been less than the latitude of the location. The optimum ANGLE of TILT in the South is ((0. 5 to 2. 5)-latitude), while it is ((1. 5 to 3) latitude)) in the central region AND ((4 to 6)-latitude in the northern area. The results imply that if the TILT ANGLE of solar panels in a photovoltaic power plant with an area of 5 square kilometers (With nearly 3 million Euro investments) is optimized there will be an annual saving of at least 11. 250 million Rails.

Iran has great potential in utilizing solar energy. In order to maximize the aMOUNT of absorbed solar radiation to absorber surfaces, the surfaces should be installed at a suitable ANGLE slope to the horizon that is discussed in this article. The calculations performed in this study was done using MATLAB software. In this study, radiation received on the ground in 31 provincial capitals of the country for 12 months of the year has been modeled. Then, the optimum TILT ANGLE of absorbent surfaces with the maximum aMOUNT of radiation received on the surfaces of the absorber is estimated. Finally, after validating the results, using available software in the field of GIS, atlas map of optimum TILT ANGLE with respect to the horizon for the installation of solar absorber surfaces AND aMOUNT of absorbed solar radiation on surface MOUNTed in the optimum TILT ANGLE for Iran was presented for 12 months. It is observed that optimum TILT ANGLE varies throughout the year between-10 to 62 degrees. The minimum value of optimum TILT ANGLE in different months is related to North West provinces. The lowest aMOUNT of solar radiation is received on Caspian littoral, AND its value varies between 9 AND 19 MJ per square meter per day for different months. The highest aMOUNT of radiation in region of the provinces Yazd AND Isfahan is received AND its value varies between 19 to 31 MJ per square meter per day for different months. The figures presented in this paper eliminate the need for estimating clearness index, optimum TILT ANGLE, AND corresponding solar radiation in cities AND regions on which no information is available. It provides researchers with the aforementioned values based on the mean of values of adjacent regions.

Noncircular lobed journal bearing performance, in comparison with circular types, depends on various design parameters such as TILT AND MOUNT ANGLEs. MOUNTing orientation of this kind of bearings with respect to machine frame (MOUNT ANGLE) AND also the way of setting their lobes with respect to each other (TILT ANGLE), can change the bearings configuration AND, as a result, their performance. In present study the thermo-hydrodynamic performance of noncircular two, three AND four lobed journal bearings for different values of TILT AND MOUNT ANGLEs, using generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method, are investigated. The results show that the thermal effects on these bearings performance are considerable AND that the thermal consideration makes the results closer to real performance situations. The results of bearings performances due to rise in temperature in rotor, lubricant fluid AND bearing shell, when compared to their isothermal conditions, show that viscosity of lubricant as well as load carrying capacity of bearings are decreased, depending on TILT AND MOUNT ANGLEs, especially in case of two lobed bearings. The results also show that the effects of TILT AND MOUNT ANGLEs on bearing performance are periodic AND so it is possible to select these ANGLEs suitably for bearings to be optimum.

In order to obtain maximum information from magnetic AND gravity anomaly maps, application of an edge detection method is necessary. In this regard two commonly used methods are derivative filters AND local phase filters. In this paper, a MATLAB code is expANDed to combine an analytic signal filter AND a TILT ANGLE filter as a new edge detection filter called ASTA filter. This method was demonstrated on synthetic magnetic data from 3 models AND also on real magnetic AND gravity data from southwest EnglAND. Findings show that the boundaries of a causative body are enhanced more accurately using this new filter, compared with other edge detection filters.The source code in MATLAB format is available from the authors on request.